{"id":11102,"date":"2022-04-19T09:28:46","date_gmt":"2022-04-19T02:28:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sioniam.com\/?p=11102"},"modified":"2022-04-19T10:16:15","modified_gmt":"2022-04-19T03:16:15","slug":"tim-hieu-ve-lich-su-y-nghia-ngay-giai-phong-mien-nam-thong-nhat-dat-nuoc-30-4-va-ngay-quoc-te-lao-dong-1-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sioniam.com\/tim-hieu-ve-lich-su-y-nghia-ngay-giai-phong-mien-nam-thong-nhat-dat-nuoc-30-4-va-ngay-quoc-te-lao-dong-1-5.html","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc 30\/4 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 1\/5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc 30\/4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

(\u1ea3nh: Internet)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C<\/strong>\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 47 n\u0103m cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1975 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c son ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. To\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ta t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eadp trung s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.\u00a0Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ng\u00e0y 30\/4\/1975 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o; l\u00e0 trang s\u1eed h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 hung h\u00e3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9; k\u1ebft th\u00fac oanh li\u1ec7t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 30 n\u0103m gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c; ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta; l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; c\u1ed5 v\u0169 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1974 – \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975, nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i mau l\u1eb9 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Mi\u1ec1n Nam trong hai n\u0103m 1975 v\u00e0 1976. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u201cc\u1ea3 n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi c\u01a1\u201d<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u201cn\u1ebfu th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1975 th\u00ec l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Mi\u1ec1n Nam trong n\u0103m 1975\u201d<\/em>. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea7n tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u1ed1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n ta \u1edf chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Hu\u1ebf – \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cth\u1eddi c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn, ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1edbm quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung nhanh nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, binh kh\u00ed k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f9a m\u01b0a\u201d, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n-Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ean \u201cchi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n L\u1ed9c v\u00e0 Phan Rang, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o l\u00fac 17 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 26\/4, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, n\u0103m c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. 10 gi\u1edd 45 ph\u00fat ng\u00e0y 30\/4, xe t\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 binh c\u1ee7a ta ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Dinh \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp, b\u1eaft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Minh v\u1eeba l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y 28\/4 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng qu\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ebfn 11 gi\u1edd 30 ph\u00fat c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, l\u00e1 c\u1edd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tung bay tr\u00ean Dinh \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp, b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eafng m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i thao l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta trong l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng minh tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1eadt kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean CNXH. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trang s\u1eed ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, mang t\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ea7m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta m\u00e3i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n s\u1ef1 hy sinh to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh h\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cha \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u anh d\u0169ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0o tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ta. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam nguy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t huy ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng – an ninh theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 1\/5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngay sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf I n\u0103m 1864, M\u00e1c coi vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n I h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Gieneve (Th\u1ee5y S\u0129) th\u00e1ng 9\/1866, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 8 gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m 8 gi\u1edd s\u1edbm xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t. Y\u00eau s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n lan sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c Anh di c\u01b0 sang M\u1ef9, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 8 gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1827, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y n\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong tr\u00e0o C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n. N\u0103m 1868, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m 8 gi\u1edd trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn gi\u1eef ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb 11 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 gi\u1edd. 
N\u0103m 1884, t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn Chicago, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft n\u00eau r\u00f5: “…T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1886, ng\u00e0y lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 8 gi\u1edd”. S\u1edf d\u0129 ng\u00e0y 1\/5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t n\u0103m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n t\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf M\u1ef9. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi gi\u1eefa th\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd. Gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm c\u1edb ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1886, do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c bu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Chicago. Kho\u1ea3ng 40 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. H\u1ecd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c mit-tinh, bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef \u201cT\u1eeb h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 n\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 8 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y! Ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 8 gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, 8 gi\u1edd ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, 8 gi\u1edd vui ch\u01a1i!\u201d Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia. C\u0169ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra 5.000 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi 340 ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tham gia. \u1ede Washington, New York, Baltimore, Boston… h\u01a1n 125.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m 8 gi\u1edd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Chicago di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, thu\u00ea b\u1ecdn khi\u00eau kh\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t x\u1ea3y ra d\u1eef d\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft… B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u1ef9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn: “Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 20\/6\/1889, ba n\u0103m sau “th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch” t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Chicago, Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n II nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Paris (Ph\u00e1p). D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Frederic Engels, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n II \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 1\/5 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh chung c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 1\/5 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1920, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Nin, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (c\u0169) l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 l\u00e0m v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 1\/5. S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sau khi \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi (1930), giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y l\/5 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp – t\u1ef1 do – d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, gi\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 1\/5 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00ed m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c treo c\u1edd, r\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n. N\u0103m 1936, do th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng khai t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1938, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh l\u1edbn g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf khu \u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a 25 ng\u00e0nh, gi\u1edbi: th\u1ee3 ho\u1ea3 xa, th\u1ee3 in, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o… \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c mit-tinh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 (1936 – 1939), m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng do \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp K\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 47 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (30\/4\/1975 – 30\/4\/2022) v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 136 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (1\/5\/1886 – 1\/5\/2022). Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc 30\/4 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 1\/5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":7,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":"","_expiration-date-status":"saved","_expiration-date":0,"_expiration-date-type":"","_expiration-date-categories":[],"_expiration-date-options":[]},"categories":[279],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-su-kien"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 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